California Governor Gavin Newsom is presently contemplating 38 AI-related payments, together with the extremely contentious SB 1047, which the state’s legislature despatched to his desk for ultimate approval. These payments attempt to deal with probably the most urgent points in synthetic intelligence: every thing from futuristic AI methods creating existential threat, deepfake nudes from AI picture turbines, to Hollywood studios creating AI clones of useless performers.
“Residence to the vast majority of the world’s main AI corporations, California is working to harness these transformative applied sciences to assist deal with urgent challenges whereas learning the dangers they current,” mentioned Governor Newsom’s workplace in a press launch.
Up to now, Governor Newsom has signed 9 of them into regulation, a few of that are America’s most far reaching AI legal guidelines but.
AI robocalls
On Friday, Governor Newsom signed a invoice into regulation requiring robocalls to reveal whether or not they’ve use AI-generated voices. AB 2905 goals to forestall one other occasion of the deepfake robocall resembling Joe Biden’s voice that confused many New Hampshire voters earlier this yr.
Deepfake nudes
Newsom signed two legal guidelines that deal with the creation and unfold of deepfake nudes on Thursday. SB 926 criminalizes the act, making it unlawful to blackmail somebody with AI-generated nude photographs that resemble them.
SB 981, which additionally turned regulation on Thursday, requires social media platforms to ascertain channels for customers to report deepfake nudes that resemble them. The content material should then be briefly blocked whereas the platform investigates it, and completely eliminated if confirmed.
Watermarks
Additionally on Thursday, Newsom signed a invoice into regulation to assist the general public establish AI-generated content material. SB 942 requires broadly used generative AI methods to reveal they’re AI-generated of their content material’s provenance information. For instance, all photographs created by OpenAI’s Dall-E now want a bit tag of their metadata saying they’re AI generated.
Many AI corporations already do that, and there are a number of free instruments on the market that may assist folks learn this provenance information and detect AI-generated content material.
Election deepfakes
Earlier this week, California’s governor signed three legal guidelines cracking down on AI deepfakes that might affect elections.
Certainly one of California’s new legal guidelines, AB 2655, requires massive on-line platforms, like Fb and X, to take away or label AI deepfakes associated to elections, in addition to create channels to report such content material. Candidates and elected officers can search injunctive reduction if a big on-line platform just isn’t complying with the act.
One other regulation, AB 2839, takes intention at social media customers who put up, or repost, AI deepfakes that might deceive voters about upcoming elections. The regulation went into impact instantly on Tuesday, and Newsom advised Elon Musk could also be liable to violating it.
AI-generated political ads now require outright disclosures underneath California’s new regulation, AB 2355. Meaning shifting ahead, Trump might not be capable to get away with posting AI deepfakes of Taylor Swift endorsing him on Fact Social (she endorsed Kamala Harris). The FCC has proposed an identical disclosure requirement at a nationwide degree and has already made robocalls utilizing AI-generated voices unlawful.
Actors and AI
Two legal guidelines that Newsom signed on Tuesday — which SAG-AFTRA, the nation’s largest movie and broadcast actors union, was pushing for — create new requirements for California’s media trade. AB 2602 requires studios to receive permission from an actor earlier than creating an AI-generated duplicate of their voice or likeness.
In the meantime, AB 1836 prohibits studios from creating digital replicas of deceased performers with out consent from their estates (e.g., legally cleared replicas have been used within the current “Alien” and “Star Wars” motion pictures, in addition to in different movies).
What’s left?
Governor Newsom nonetheless has 29 AI-related payments to determine on earlier than the tip of September. Throughout a chat with Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff on Tuesday throughout the 2024 Dreamforce convention, Newsom might have tipped his hat about SB 1047, and the way he’s fascinated with regulating the AI trade extra broadly.
“There’s one invoice that’s type of outsized by way of public discourse and consciousness; it’s this SB 1047,” mentioned Newsom onstage Tuesday. “What are the demonstrable dangers in AI and what are the hypothetical dangers? I can’t resolve for every thing. What can we resolve for? And in order that’s the method we’re taking throughout the spectrum on this.”
Verify again on this text for updates on what AI legal guidelines California’s governor indicators, and what he doesn’t.